Making Teams Work Essay -- Essays Papers

Making Teams Work The importance of teams is becoming more and more apparent in today's dynamic business world. Increasingly managers are searching for a means to improve production and keep their organization competitive in the global market. A lot of these managers have turned to the team as a means for achieving this improvement. Quality circles were originally looked at to fulfill this role, however they are being phased out in favor of self-managed work teams. These teams are increasingly being used to solve many of today's organizations production problems and inefficiencies, and in the process are both badly failing and greatly succeeding. So the discussion of teams is a very important one to address. Managers should be aware of the concept of teams and learn about as a means to further their organization and for when the time comes to implement a team they are prepared with the knowledge needed to build and use a team properly. The basic interpretation of a team is "a collection of two or more individuals who interact with each other, share common beliefs, and perceive themselves as being a group." (Denton '92) Metropolitan Life Insurance Company defines a team fore specifically as "a group of people with specific roles and responsibilities, organized to work together towards common goals or objectives, in which each member depends on others to carry out responsibilities to reach those goals and objectives." (Denton) The implementation and operation of a team can either be a great success or a costly failure, both money wise and time wise. Many companies have benefited from teams, and "when teams work, there's nothing like them for turbocharging productivity." (Denton "94) There are many examples of successful implementation of teams: Federal Express and IDS boosted productivity by 40% and Boeing cut its engineering hang-ups on its new 777 passenger jet by more than half. The Ford Motor Company al so has had great success with teams when producing the new Mustang prototype. Ford produced the Mustang from design concept to the finished product under budget and in record time. (Dumaine) However, many companies and managers are put off by the very mention of the work team. Some people see teams as just another management fad, while others in management have had bad experiences with teams that have failed. As Magee points ou... ...t must all come together to build a successful team, it can be done with proper planning and support from upper management. They must also discuss how to set up the compensation for the team, evaluation of team performance, and of individual performance. In my opinion, the benefits of increased productivity and efficiency that are seen by the organizations that properly build and successfully implement teams, far out-weigh the risks and costs of a team that fails. I would have to say that in today's competitive, globally oriented organizations, we cannot over stress the importance of teams. It seems that how much you get out of a team depends on how much you are willing to put into it, and most of what you need to put into it is some time spent doing the homework planning necessary to build the team that will take your business to the top. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Denton, D.D. (1992) Building a team. Quality Progress, October, 87-91. 2. Dumaine, B. (1994) The Trouble with Teams. Fortune, 130. 3. Magee, Y.S. (1997) Teams: avoiding the pitfalls. Public Management, 79. 4. McGarvey, R. (1996) Joining forces: 12 steps to creating winning teams. Entrepreneur, 24

Only the Truth Essay

Truthfulness for a patient enables effective goal attainment while in the healthcare system. However, according to Zahedi (2011) states, â€Å"not telling the truth about cancer consisted of: worry that patients could not take the emotional impact, concern about not being able to manage the patients’ emotional reaction after learning the truth, and protecting patients from harm† (p. 4). Yet, according to Bok (2007), â€Å" an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled† (p.489). Doctors should tell their patients the truth because is supports trusting doctor-patient relationships, upholds patients autonomy, and provides time to make end of life decisions. Truth is a foundation for doctor-patient relationships. Bok (2007) states â€Å"truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness† (p. 489). An exchange of information is key in a patient feeling comfortable within the healthcare system, which is attainable from being told the truth. Wells and Kaptchuk (2012) indicate, â€Å"truthful and meaningful communication is paramount in patient care as it affects not only patient satisfaction with care, but also patient knowledge and behaviour† (p. 26). Patient require to have low levels of anxiety when dealing with a disease, truth enables the decrease of distress. Eisen et al (2008) states, â€Å"[h]ealth care settings is extremely important in contributing to the healing process, it is vitally important to identify what type of art supports stress reduction† (p. 173). Patients dealing with discomfort can manage it more easily after being told the truth due to it being the more vocalized. Milligan (2012) states, â€Å"[r]elief of pain and other symptoms might be expected to be among the most prevalent† (p. 49). Truth telling stimulates hope for a patient by allowing them to have optimism toward their diagnosis, and that their aimed goal is achievable. Begley and Blackwood (2000) state that hope is, â€Å"a mental state characterized by the desire to gain or accomplish a goal combined with some degree of expectation that what is desired or sought is attainable† (p.28). Security for a patient allows for them to create decisions they are confident about when dealing with procedures. Silva et al (2003) indicates that truth, â€Å"increases the feeling of safety and the capacity of mature co-operation for decision making† (p. 420). In addition, truth upholds patients’ autonomy. Bok (2007) indicates that it allows them â€Å"to make informed choices about whether or not to be a patient (p. 489). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to follow directions during treatment and procedures more willingly. Torres et al (2013) indicates, â€Å"meta-analyses discussing this subject have suggested that compliance depends on the involvement of patients and healthcare providers in follow-up tasks† (p. 3). An autonomous individual has a ability to make his/her own decisions including decisions about how much information they would like to receive. Slowther (2009) writes, â€Å"[p]roviding relevant information in a form that a patient can understand, minimizing barriers to decision-making caused by illness or medication† (p. 174-175). Patients seek the knowledge and advice of more than one doctor to confirm a diagnosis and evaluate treatment options. Hall et al (2002) writes, â€Å"general trust is related to certain patient attitudes and behaviours such as satisfaction with care, willingness to follow doctors’ recommendations, desire to seek second opinions, and prior disputes with physicians† (p. 1422). Complimentary treatments for a disease are being used by patients for the reason of allowing them to minimize signs and symptoms themselves outside of the healthcare system. Burstein (2000) states, â€Å"[p]atients identified their desire to â€Å"boost the immune system,† enhance their quality of life, gain control over their life, prevent or treat their cancer, and treat side effects of cancer therapy as the principal reasons for using CAM. Patients credited their conventional practitioners with truth- fulness and technical knowledge† (p. 2501). Patient that are truthfully informed about procedure options are given the opportunity to decide if they think it will be benefit for them. Hall et al (2002) indicates, â€Å"[t]rust is critical to patients’ willingness to seek care, reveal sensitive information, submit to treatment† (p. 1419). Denying any procedures or treatments is capable from a patient that has been truthfully advised. O’Brien (2012) states, â€Å"[t]he autonomous right of competent adults to decide what happens to their own body and the corresponding right to consent to or refuse medical treatment are cornerstones of modern health care† (p. 7). Moreover, truth provides patients with time to make end of life decisions. Bok (2007) writes they consider â€Å"whether or not the enter a hospital† (p. 489). Patients that have been told the truth are made more comfortable to practice their spirituality in order to come in contact with a sense of worth when dealing with a terminating prognosis. Rahnama et al (2012) states spirituality, â€Å"is a way through which human beings recognize the exalted meaning and value of their lives† (p. 21). Patients that require to enter a palliative care unit rely on being told to truth in order for the conversion to be done with ease. Ingleton et al (2011) indicates, â€Å"continuity of care and multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial in order to improve the experience of patients making the transition† (p.57). Arrangements must be made for a patient once in the stage of end-of-life, to secure unresolved personal affairs. Hash and Netting (2007) writes, â€Å"legal rights, financial and property concerns require intentional planning, for once the partner dies it may be too late to rectify ownership issues† (p. 72). The remaining time for a patient is crucial for making decisions about how to establish any preparations to avoid any distress. Conway (2008) indicates that, â€Å"emphasizing the inevitability of death in old age as a normal part of human existence and the importance of registration procedures and funeral arrangements† (p.406). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to have a comfortable experience when in their remaining days. Paulus states, â€Å"[a]n integral part of palliative care, therefore, is to regard dying as a normal process and to help patients achieve a peaceful death. † In conclusion, truth is a vital feature of self governed choices. Interpersonal relations among patients and healthcare professionals creates a fundamental base which enables security. Capacity for a patient to make decisions on their own allows for the obtainment of knowledge for treatments. Preparations to brace for one’s passing gives a patient the ability to experience a tranquil moment preceding entering the afterlife. Truth reinforces patients’ freedom and strengthens the ability to make provisions before bereavement. References Begley, A. , Begley, A. , & Blackwood, B. (2000). Truth-telling versus hope: A dilemma in practice. International Journal Of Nursing Practice, 6(1), 26-31. doi:10. 1046/j. 1440-172X. 2000. 00178. x Burstein, H. J. (2000). Discussing complementary therapies with cancer patients: What should we be talking about? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18(13), 2501-2504. Conway, S. (2008). Public health and palliative care: principles into practice?. Critical Public Health, 18(3), 405-415. doi:10. 1080/09581590802191906 Da Silva, C. , Cunha, R. , Tonaco, R. , Cunha, T. , Diniz, A. , Domingos, G. , & †¦ De Paula, R. (2003). Not Telling the Truth in the Patient–Physician Relationship. Bioethics, 17(5/6), 417. doi:10. 1111/1467-8519. 00357 Eisen, S. L. , Ulrich, R. S. , Shepley, M. M. , Varni, J. W. , & Sherman, S. (2008). The stress-reducing effects of art in pediatric health care: Art preferences of healthy children and hospitalized children. J Child Health Care, 12(3), 173-190. doi:10. 1177/1367493508092507 Gardiner, C. , Ingleton. C. , Gott. M. , & Ryan. T. (2011). Exploring the transition from curative care to palliative care: a systematic review of the literature. BMJ Support Palliative Care, 1(1), 56-63. doi:10. 1136/bmjspcare-2010-000001 Hall, M. A. , Camacho, F. F. , Dugan, E. E. , & Balkrishnan, R. R. (2002). Trust in the Medical Profession: Conceptual and Measurement Issues. Health Services Research, 37(5), 1419-1439. Hash, K. M. , & Netting, F. (2007). Long-term planning and decision-making among midlife and older gay men and lesbians. Journal Of Social Work In End-Of-Life & Palliative Care, 3(2), 59-77. doi:10. 1300/J457v03n02-05 Lopez-Torres, J. , Parraga, I., Del Campo, J. M. , & Villena, A. (2013). Follow up of patients who start treatment with antidepressants: treatment satisfaction, treatment compliance, efficacy and safety. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 1-9. doi:10. 1186/1471-244X-13-65 Milligan, S. (2012). Optimizing palliative and end of life care in hospital. Nursing Standard, 26(41), 48-56. O’Brien, S. (2012). Minors and refusal of medical treatment: a critique of the law regarding the current lack of meaningful consent with regards to minors and recommendations for future change. Clinical Ethics, 7(2), 67-72. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2012. 012007 Paulus. S. C. (2008). Palliative care: An ethical obligation. Retrieved from http://scu. edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/medical/palliative. html Philip, J. , Gold, M. , Schwarz, M. , & Komesaroff, P. (2011). An exploration of the dynamics and influences upon second medical opinion consultations in cancer care. Asia Pacific Journal Of Clinical Oncology, 7(1), 41-46. doi:10. 1111/j. 1743-7563. 2010. 01330. x Rahnama, M. , Khoshknab, M. , Maddah, S. , & Ahmadi, F. (2012). Iranian cancer patients’ perception of spirituality: a qualitative content analysis study. BMC Nursing, 11(1), 19-26. doi:10. 1186/1472-6955-11-19 Sharma, H. , Jagdish, V., Anusha, P. , & Bharti, S. (2013). End-of-life care: Indian perspective. Indian Journal Of Psychiatry, S293-S298. Doi:10. 4103/0019-5545. 105554 Slowther, A. (2009). Truth-telling in health care. Clinical Ethics, 4(4), 173-175. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2009. 009033 Wells, R. , & Kaptchuk, T. J. (2012). To Tell the Truth, the Whole Truth, May Do Patients Harm: The Problem of the Nocebo Effect for Informed Consent. American Journal Of Bioethics, 12(3), 22-29. doi:10. 1080/15265161. 2011. 652798 Zahedi, F. (2011). The challenge of truth telling across cultures: a case study. Journal Of Medical Ethics & History Of Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

Results Of My Calculations Were Surprising And Also Eye...

The results of my calculations were surprising and also eye opening. I calculated that with all of the clothes, books, school supplies, technology, medical and personal supplies, and random items around my dorm that it cost $9,334 to buy everything in my dorm. If a person who got paid a salary at the poverty level, which is $1.25$, it would take them 7467.2 days or 20.458 years to make enough money to buy everything in my little dorm room. These numbers are very shocking and disturbing at the same time. Coming from an upper middle class family, buying the items I needed for college wasn’t cheap, however, because of the financial stability and amount of capital my parents make, the cost of college was manageable. For people in other countries, purchasing the clothes, technology, books and school supplies, would take them over 20 years of their salary to afford. The common cliche saying college students say is, â€Å"I’m a college student, I m not rich†. While com pared to the super wealthy in America, yes, college students are poor. Many college students get jobs to pay for student loans, food, and other items that are both items of want and need. In many countries around the world, many people make $1.25 or less per day. They are working long, strenuous and arduous hours just to afford enough for survival and to keep their families safe. College students capital versus a person in poverty’s capital are quite polarized where a college student owns and has a plethora more amountShow MoreRelatedDysfunctions Of A Team, Results, And Recommendations Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pages 7 Dysfunctions of a Team Survey, Results, and Recommendations Kim J. Hebel University of Central Arkansas Abstract A 10-12 PLC team was surveyed on their personal beliefs about how their team functions. The survey results were calculated and evaluated using Lencioni?s (2002) five Dysfunctions of a Team. Although this is a particularly close-knit team a Lack of AccountabilityRead MoreFederated Science Fund2886 Words   |  12 Pagesallocated? Offers: opening-offer and counter-offer, as well as progression of offers? How was information exchanged? Were there pivotal turning points?) Yet again, I felt that I was placed in the weakest position in the negotiation, which would be that of United Industries. I knew, beforehand, that it would be a multi-party negotiation, and that the other two companies had the best option, if they decided form a consortium among themselves. This was the worst thing possible, from my perspective, andRead More The Dangers of Teen Sleep Deprivation: Benefits of Adopting Later Start Times for High Schools3298 Words   |  14 Pagesrole-call in his morning history class: a positively lethargic group of students, comically struggling to stay awake. 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Distributed Leadership - 4312 Words

Leadership Competencies: Are we all saying the same thing? Jeffrey D. Horey Caliber Associates 49 Yawl Dr. Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 horeyj@calib.com Jon J. Fallesen, Ph.D. Army Research Institute Ft. Leavenworth, KS jon.fallesen@leavenworth.army.mil In the course of developing an Army leadership competency framework focused on the Future Force (up to year 2025), the authors examined several existing U.S. military and civilian leadership competency frameworks. We attempt to link the core constructs across the frameworks and identify similarities and differences in terms of their content and structures. We conclude that leadership competency modeling is an inexact science and that many frameworks present competencies that mix functions and†¦show more content†¦Employees want information about what they are required to do (or confirmation of what they think they are supposed to do) in their jobs or positions. The operative word here is ‘do’. They typically do not want to know what they are supposed to ‘be’. This simple representation of leadership requirements helps us establish a context for evaluating leadership competencies and frameworks/models. Those that are stated only as traits, characteri stics, or in attribute terms are, in our estimation, less valuable than those that are stated in task, function, and behavioral terms. However, models that address both aspects of leadership may prove to be more valuable to more individuals. The purpose in establishing competencies for leaders should be to better define what functions leaders must perform to make themselves and others in their organizations effective. Many competency definitions include reference to clusters of knowledges, skills, abilities, and traits that lead to successful performance (Newsome, Catano, Day, 2003). Yet competency labels are typically expressed in either process or functional terms. 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The Problem Of Prison Overcrowding - 1598 Words

In this article, the authors determine several short-term solutions to the major problem of prison overcrowding and argue that the problem of prison overcrowding would not be ending anytime soon, due to the inadequate attempts by state governments to deal with the inhumane living conditions in overcrowded prisons. This article relates to the topic because the authors analyze how the federal government and some individual states, such as California and Florida, respond to the constrained resources causing unsuitable conditions in overfilled prisons. This source illuminates the perpetuity of prison overcrowding, as most attempts made by state government have been focused on limiting the number of prisoners and not on living conditions. The†¦show more content†¦Guetzkow This article strives to answer the how litigation and politics effects prison overcrowding. The two authors argue that the effects of prison overcrowding litigation has no actual effect in solving the issue of o vercrowding and would actually increase incarceration rates due to the promotion of a tough-on-crime political agenda. This source is relevant to my topic because it gives more information and quantitative data on how prison overcrowding policy affected five different aspects of the issue, which are prisons admissions, release, capital outlays for corrections, prison crowding, and incarceration rates. The main finding of the article is that politics played a large role in prison overcrowding, as politicians used a tough-on-crime agenda and increased spending on prisons to win elections. There is no reason to doubt the evidence and there are no problems with the source. Bachman This scholarly article by Bachman tries to solve the prison overcrowding issue in Alabama under the US Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA). Bachman argues that a potential federal remedial order is needed to fix this issue, as states are not well equipped to deal with this issue. This source is relevant to my topic as it dives deeper into the issue of prison overcrowding at the state level. The source reveals how bad living conditions are in state prisons, especially those in Alabama, have become today due toShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1166 Words   |  5 PagesRealignment Prison overcrowding has always been a problem in California prisons. It has been growing over the year and has now lead the United States Supreme Court to take part in trying to find a solution to this problem. Because of this issue, Plata litigation came through and had a significant impact on the way we see community corrections. The ruling in the Plata litigation in turn lead to AB 109 or The Public Safety Realignment Act to be implemented as a solution to California’s growing problem of overcrowdingRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1395 Words   |  6 Pagesjustice system is prison overcrowding. To examine a nation’s soul, all one has to do is look inside of its prisons. Even though we have 5 percent of the world’s population we have 25 percent of the world’s prison population. The makeup of our prison population range from first time drug offenders to serial killers. Prisons serve a necessary function in society if used properly to keep the worst of the worst of the streets. In the last 40 years prisons has become a hammer where every problem appears toRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1767 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever noticed the serious issue of prison overcrowding? Growth of prison inmates over the years. Since the late 1900 s the prisons have been filling rapidly and that has caused a huge problems in the 2000 s. Overcrowding is not as easy of a fix that everyone thinks it is there is way more to it and it is way more complex. There are many reason that the inmate population continues to grow. Throughout the years, there has been a huge debate on ways to lower crime rate so there won t be asRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding2447 Words   |  10 PagesPrison overcrowding is a major problem in our criminal justice system and it continues to be a hotly debated topic as to how we should address the problem. One of the main reasons our prison systems have a problem with overcrowding is drugs. More specifically, the war on drugs started by President Reagan in 1982 brought a dramatic increase to the number of people put behind bars for drug offences. Mandatory minimum sentencing and truth in sentencing are two policies which have sent drug offendersRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding Essay1773 Words   |  8 Pagesthe 1980s, the California prison system and parolee population have grown tenfold. This is in great part due to the three strikes law that passed in 1994. This law made it a requirement for any offender convicted of a felony with two previous felonies to go to prison for a minimum of twenty five years. This law sent many people to prison for longer sentences due to non-violent drug offenses, when in actuality they should have been sentenced to rehab. Prison overcrowding is an important topic thatRead MoreThe Overcrowding Problem in Prisons1800 Words   |  7 Pages The number of people held in prison facilities across the world is increasing at a treme ndous rate with each passing day. This comprises both the people who have already been sentenced and those that are at the pre-trial stage. The effect of this is an increase in the prison population which leads to the problem of overcrowding (Atabay, 2013). Overcrowding in prisons can be defined as a situation where the number of prisoners in a given penal institution exceeds the official carrying capacityRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding880 Words   |  4 Pages. They get very limited space, making it easier to pass infections or diseases along each individual in the cell. The reason why there is a congestion in prisons is because to construct a cell is very expensive. Each cell in prisons cost about $75,000 to construct. According to the textbook, it would cost approximately 31 million dollars to build a medium security facility. The state tries to overcrowd prisoners in a cell to save money because cells are expensive to build, but on the long run theyRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthe past 30 odd years, California’s prison population has grown by 750 percent (â€Å"California’s Perpetuating Prison Crisis†). As this percentage perpetuates to make substantial gains, inmates are suffering in confinement cells, officials are negotiating over the issue, and the public is protesting to make their opinions count. The prison crisis has continued to grow over the years, causing a great uproar among all of California’s 32 state prisons. Prison overcrowding has been an increasingly vital issueRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding998 Words   |  4 PagesPrison overcrowding has been seen as an issue since the early 1990’s in California. It all began when California began to aggressively increased sentencing in the late 1980’s and 1990’s in response to a nationwide fear about crime rates. During this time period California â€Å"enacted more than 1,000 laws that increased sentencing in a five-year span to settle these fears† (Fuchs). The effect of these laws resulted in a high prison population when California prisons reached a number of 173,000 by 2007Read MorePrison Overcrowding Is A Serious Problem1448 Words   |  6 PagesPrison overcrowding is a result of the imprisonment of drug users and first time offenders of non-violent crimes. The number of people being incarcerated greatly outweighs the number of prisons across the country. Prison overcrowding is a serious problem beca use it can be dangerous to both prisoners and correction officers. When prisoners are forced to live in crowded situations, the possibility of violence is greater (Oliver 44). Issues such as assaults and rapes can occur when there is not

Analysis Of A Drawing For Art His Class Essay Example For Students

Analysis Of A Drawing For Art His Class Essay Chance Meeting is a dry point etching print by Martin Lewis and was created in the early 1930s. The subjects are two figures, male and female, who have happened upon each other in the setting of a public sidewalk at the entrance of a storefront. It may be a dichotomy in terms to call the piece, Idealized Urban Realism, though Lewis work does harmonize well with the Urban Realist movement surfacing in this period with artists such as Edward Hopper. It also has a very idealized and stylistic quality not unlike the work of artists like Roy Liechtenstein in a much later time period. At a glance, Chance Meeting is a simple work intended to tell a story with minimal detail and it is difficult to distinguish any definite pattern in the composition. With careful inspection however, the viewer can discover an order in the placement of objects, the existence of symmetry, and perhaps a much deeper meaning to the piece through the interpretation of symbolism. The palate used in the piece is simply black and white, with the exception of the illusion of shades of gray created with the shading technique, cross-hatching. This intensifies the use of light and shadow in what definitely could be called chiaroscuro. The presence of a single, intensely bright directional light creates areas of extreme contrast that could be called tenebrism. An extreme variety of lighting techniques can be found, as some objects are lit from the side, and others are almost completely backlit, creating more of a silhouette than a distinguishable three-dimensional shape. Shadows in the recesses of the male figures face starkly oppose highlights upon his brow and jaw line. Lewis seems to be experimenting with what might be realistic lighting conditions at night on a typical city street, and exaggerating the results in the interest of style. An area of focus is created in the foreground by the intensity of light falling off abruptly as distance increases. Balance in lighting is achieved with the occasional splash of light in a reflective surface, and the existence of smaller, less accentuated lights in the background of the print. The piece derives a lot of its realism from the textures on the surfaces of objects. The pavement has a pattern in it that it possibly the result of its cement tiles being cast in wooden molds, leaving behind the impression of the grain. Some of the tiles are cracked and stained, giving the effect of a partially worn and aged public sidewalk. The glass in one of the structures is evidently glossy as the reflections of street lamps and automobile headlights can be seen in its surface. Cloth in the canopies on the buildings and the clothing of the subjects is very naturally wrinkled in relaxed areas and creased where it is pulled taught. These more organic shapes and textures help to balance the strict geometry and texture of the almost completely architectural background. A variety of very accurately portrayed objects fill the space with interesting, yet not distracting detail. The signage in and around the shops is not only visible, but also legible. It is actually possible to read some of the signs. The book cart in front of the shop bears a hand drawn sign that appears to be a square of cardboard torn out of a box and is precariously seated at an off angle to its makeshift base. All of this meticulous attention to detail aids in creating a sense of realism in the print. In the prints era, these objects also probably served to create a sense of familiarity for the viewer, who was probably used to seeing similar signage and objects in the physical world. .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .postImageUrl , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:hover , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:visited , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:active { border:0!important; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:active , .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3e2e8c59f711e0f995ccf1a1f28ab87c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jfk Rhetorical Analysis EssayIn retrospect, the antiquity of these artifacts adds a degree of interest to the scene and perhaps a bit of nostalgia for some. A sense of depth and space is created by the use of one point linear perspective. The orthogonals lead off of the picture plane to the left with the vanishing point out of sight by a considerable distance. Multiple lines that define the architecture widen to the right creating a fanlike pattern that draws the viewers attention to the subjects and the detail in the foreground of the print. A definition of order and balance surfaces when we begin to examine the shapes created by the long shadows cast by the light radiating from the window of the storefront. These shadows find their angles in their own sort of vanishing point located at the light source somewhere to the inside the building and out of sight. The placement of this light source almost mirrors the vanishing point on the opposing side. The overlapping of lines stemming from these two points creates a sort of diamond shape typically associated with two-point perspective. At this point we can see that several other objects in the scene also conform to this diamond shape. Draped lengths of cloth suspended from the canopies of the shops seem to lean into the upper inward sloping angle, While the subjects themselves fit into the geometry of the lower angles. The symmetry of these angles almost frames a point between the two main subjects, where in addition to a sign advertising newspapers, perhaps a sort of understood emotional magnetism is rooted. The subjects almost seem to be physically affected by the magnetism between them, and their bodies appear to be drawn toward each other. Lewis accomplishes this in a subtle way, and neither of the subjects appears to be unnaturally contorted. The male subject looks somewhat relaxed and is shifting his weight a bit into a stylized variation on the classical contrapposto pose. The female subject forces her hip out to one side and tilts her head a bit, posing in a way that might have been considered attractive for a young woman in the early 1930s in America. Their clothing is of some interest because in the absence of adequate lighting, we might not have a more reliable indication of age. Both figures are clothed in what was probably considered very casual clothing for the era. The female figures dress is somewhat shorter and more fitted than it would be if she were older and more conservative. The Male figures collar is unbuttoned and his sleeves and pant legs are rolled up. His hair appears to be somewhat disheveled. From these details we can assume that they were probably in their late teens or early 20s, as it would be frowned upon for people of older age to dress this way in this somewhat socially conservative era. In the background of the print, we see two additional figures, also a man and a woman. The two are standing very close to one and other, and appear to be engaged in an intimate conversation. From a literal perspective, one might draw the conclusion that this second couple represents the popularity of the concept of meeting ones mate and, falling in love. It might have been a musing of many Americans in this era that the streets of urban America were filled with young attractive teenagers, courting, dating, and preparing for marriage. From a more symbolic perspective, it is feasible that this second pair of figures actually represents the same couple we see in the foreground, now further down the road, or further along in time. The two are now engaged in the rituals of becoming more intimate. The road itself can be seen as a symbol of the path of fate for these two characters, as it vanishes off of the picture plane into the uncertainty of the future. Contradictory to most Urban Realist works, Chance meeting seems to present a rather idealized and innocent view of the era, yet aesthetically, it is a fairly realistic portrait of urban city life in Americas 1930s.

Macroeconomic Events

Question: Discuss about the Macroeconomic Events. Answer: Introduction It is true that, macroeconomics events take place around us each and every day. These macroeconomics events reflect the economy of the nation in which we survive. Moreover, various economy-wide events such as: GDP (Gross Domestic Product), inflationary economy, recessionary economy, fiscal policy, monetary policy, price levels, national income, etc. occur in the area of macroeconomics. Along with this, for this research essay, I would like to select an article The Economic Recovery: Past, Present, and Future by John C. Williams to discuss the macroeconomics events, economic models, and concepts in an effectual manner. Moreover, this essay would be valuable to show relation between the macroeconomics events, models, and concepts of the U.S. economy. Suitable Economic Concepts and Models to Analysis the Article In the context of the economy, numerous economic and model are used to analysis an article related to economy. This research article mainly emphasizes on the macroeconomics events such as: GDP, inflation, recession, fiscal policy, and monetary policy that occur around us every day (Lipsey Chrystal, 2011). Along with this, the economics concepts and models for example Expenditure Model, ASAD, and Money market diagram are very suitable to analysis the macroeconomic events of the article effectually. These all the economic models and concepts measure the economy of a nation accurately. The expenditure economic model is an effective model to estimate the GDP of the nation (Paulsen, Toutkoushian, 2006). This model involves all the major factors such as: investment, consumption, government spending, exports, and imports to recognize the actual position of the economy of a particular nation. On the other hand, AD-AS (Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply) model is an effectual macroeconomic model that determines real GDP as well as price levels in both short and long run. Along with this, the model also envisages the effects that various macroeconomics events will have on two important variables: real GDP as well as the price level of the economy of a nation. Moreover, the ADAS model measure the GDP rate, unemployment rate, and inflation fluctuations that exist in the economy of a nation. So, it is also an effective economic model that is valuable to analysis macroeconomics events properly (Michl, 2015). In addition to this, Money market model/diagram is an economic model that estimates the monetary and fiscal policy of a nation effectively. The model is also helpful in order to describe the supply and demand for money of a nation. This model also estimates the Real GDP, Interest Rate, and the Price Level of the nation. As a consequence, the above discussed are the econo mic concepts and models that would be appropriate to analysis the article effectually. Summary of the Article In this article, the author John C. Williams talks about the U.S. economy. The author also explains the major steps that the government of the nation has adopted and implemented to boost the economy of the nation. Along with this, in the research article, the author converses about the macroeconomic events such as: GDP, inflation, recession, fiscal policy, and monetary policy occurred in the economy of the nation. The major subject of concern is GDP of the nation. The author shows the impact of recession on the GDP of the nation (Williams, 2013). In this article, it is clear that, the U.S. economy is well into a period of continuous growth. But, after the five years of the recession, real GDP had not returned to somewhere it had been prior to the recession. The below diagram is helpful to show the cumulative changes in the real GDP of the nation: (Source: Williams, 2013). On the other hand, the author says that there are numerous economic factors those are influencing the rapid growth of the real GDP of nation. For example, business uncertainties, unemployment rate, poor response of the government, insecurity about the economic policy, and so on are economic factors those are creating trouble in the improvement of the GDP of the nation. Moreover, fiscal policy of the nation also pulled the economy since the beginning of the collapse (Williams, 2013). So, in this news article, the author only talks about the macroeconomic events that occur in the economy of a particular nation. Macroeconomics Challenges Faced By the Country On the basis of the selected news article, there are lots of macroeconomic challenges that are faced by the nation. For example, the biggest challenge is related to the GDP of the nation. The real GDP is not increasing as desired by the government of the nation. Moreover, economy uncertainty is also the other challenge in front of the nation. Increased unemployment rate, as well as interest rate is another macroeconomic challenge faced by the country. Also, feeble monetary policy and fiscal policy are the other challenges that exist in the economy of the nation (Williams, 2013). On the other hand, if we talk about the causes of these macroeconomic challenges or problems then we will only find recession in the root. Recessions are never pleasurable, but this one (recession 2008) was particularly harsh for the economy of the nations. So, just because of the recession, the economy has not recovered as fast as expected. Along with this, these macroeconomic challenges not only influenced the economy of the nation; but also influenced people and society of the nation. The increased unemployment rate and decreased income level created troubles in front of people. The standard of living of people has been declined just because of the macroeconomic challenges faced by the nation. Moreover, these problems also influenced the economic policies developed by the government to solve the macroeconomic issues. During the recession, the government lobbed a critical lifeline to the economy and responded vigorously. These all the things played critical roles to increase the macroeconomic challenges continuously. Linkage between Macroeconomic events and Economic Concepts Models There is a strong relationship between macroeconomic events and economic concepts/models. It is because of economic concepts/models are analytical tool that are only planned to portray the operations of the economy of a nation (Tucker, 2016). Along with this, the economic models play a significant role in order to look at the dynamics of aggregate quantities for example total income, total goods/services, the level of prices, the level of employment, etc. to boost the economy of the nation. In this article, macroeconomics events occurred in the economy of the nation. The absence of appropriate economic models can be considered a major reason of these growing challenges. It is because of recession cannot extremely influence the economy of a nation. If a nation uses economic models properly then recession cannot create macroeconomic challenges in front of nation. There is only need of effective economic models and cooperation of people to boost the economy of a nation (Williams, 2013). Conclusion On the basis of the above analysis, it can be said that, macroeconomic events or challenges may occur any time in the economy of a nation. These events influence the economy very badly. Moreover, it is also observed that, economic concepts and models play a major role to improve the economy and to solve the economic problem of nations in an effectual and a more comprehensive manner. References Lipsey, R., Chrystal, A. (2011). Economics. UK: OUP Oxford. Michl, T.R. (2015). Macroeconomic Theory: A Short Course: A Short Course. NY: Routledge. Paulsen, M. B., Toutkoushian, R. K. (2006). Overview of economic concepts, models, and methods for institutional research. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2006(132), 5-24. Tucker, I.B. (2016). Macroeconomics for Today. USA: Cengage Learning. Williams, J.C. (2013). The Economic Recovery: Past, Present, and Future. Retrieved From: https://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/economic-letter/2013/july/economic-recovery-past-present-future/